In the period of transition from heathenism to Christianity, the Armenian nation lived a rich and versatile cultural life. The early Middle Age, marked in Armenian history with vital changes in social life, created new quality in the sphere of culture, formed the basis for medieval world-perception and mentality, the result of which were great changes in everyday and customary life. This period of the 3rd-5th centuries A.D. was very important, especially for social culture, as in it were condensed all the cultural processes coming from the past and forming the basis of the new reality brought by Christianity.
The investigation of the juridical system, philosophy, folklore and lite­ra­ture, ca­lendar system, alphabet and writing, architecture and sculpture, music and theatre of the 4th century, shows that all the changes and amendments of this transitive period opened a new page in Armenian life and culture, serving as the source for the further age. The early medieval culture of Armenia was, in its full sense, the continuation of ancient Armenian cultural traditions, and through this must be explained the fact that during the following 5-6-7th centuries the Ar­menian culture appears to be a complete and perfect phe­nomenon known as the Armenian Golden Age.
The Golden Age of the Armenian culture has played an immensely im­portant role in the process of shaping the Armenian nation and its medieval life, which, in its turn, has greatly influenced the image of the Armenians as a Chris­tian society. The research de­monstrates that the Golden Age takes its sources from this early medieval period and was greatly connected with the Armenian alphabet invented by St. Mesrop Mashtots. Thanks to it the Armenian people, having millennia-old history, could record its culture in ma­nu­scripts, to tell the forthcoming generations its pre-Christian past and Christian present, to pre­serve through centuries the values created by the Armenian genius.